Mainstream news stories almost always confuse the very different terms Radiation (like x-rays) and Radioactive (physical materials; fallout), which are significantly distinct things.
- Radiation means visible light and all of its invisible cousins: electromagnetic waves including X-rays, gamma rays and radio waves. Radiation can also informally mean the physical things (Alpha and Beta particles and Neutrons) emitted from radioactive materials which are described next.
Radiation (which is emitted From radioactive materials)
- only affects things locally, very locally. While —
Radioactive material (“fallout” in form of dust, water and air)
- can spread through the air, rivers and oceans emitting ionizing radiation all the way around the world.
Here are examples of correct and incorrect usage of the two terms: